== Linux Maintenance Scripts ==

== Services ==
==== BIND/DNS ====
''bind-restart.sh'':
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash
## script: ./bind-restart.sh

#/etc/init.d/bind stop
#/etc/init.d/bind start
/etc/init.d/bind9 restart
</code>

==== DHCP ====
''dhcpd-restart.sh'':
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash
## script: ./dhcpd-restart.sh

#service isc-dhcp-server stop
#service isc-dhcp-server start
service isc-dhcp-server restart

# Check status
ps aux | grep dhcpd
</code>

==== Windows Server Mapping ====
''map-win-backup-server.sh'':
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash
## script: ./map-win-backup-server.sh
## Mount and map Windows backup server (for backup purposes)
mount -t cifs -o username=backuponly,password=backup //backupserver2/LinuxBackup /data/win-fileserver/
</code>

==== RSync ====
''rsync-server.sh'':
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash

#rsync --verbose  --progress --stats --compress --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh \
#      --recursive --times --perms --links --delete \
#      --exclude "*bak" --exclude "*~" \
#      192.168.0.31:webfiles /var/www/mirror

# Website
rsync --archive --verbose --progress --stats --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh --recursive --times --perms 
  --links --delete --exclude=stats 192.168.0.31::webfiles /data/mirror/swdev/www

# Databases
rsync --archive --verbose --progress --stats --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh --recursive --times --perms 
  --links --delete 192.168.0.31::databases /data/mirror/swdev/databases

# Root user home
rsync --archive --verbose --progress --stats --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh --recursive --times --perms 
  --links --delete 192.168.0.31::root /data/mirror/swdev/root

# Subserver Repositories
rsync --archive --verbose --progress --stats --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh --recursive --times --perms 
  --links --delete 192.168.0.31::repos /data/mirror/swdev/repos
</code>

== Anti-spam / Anti-crack ==
Run this script to scan the website and see signs of spamming or cracking: ''scan-website.sh'':
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash
## script: scan-website.sh
##

echo "Scan Website for vulnerabilities" > /tmp/scan.txt

cd /var/www
find . -name "*.php.suspected" >> /tmp/scan.txt
find . -name "*.php" -exec grep -H "eval(" "{}" \; >> /tmp/scan.txt
find . -name "*.php" -exec grep -H "\$GLOBALS.*\\x" "{}" \; >> /tmp/scan.txt
find . -name "*.php" -exec grep -H "function.*for.*strlen.*isset" "{}" \; >> /tmp/scan.txt
find . -name "*.php" -exec grep -H '<iframe' "{}" \; >> /tmp/scan.txt
find . -name "*.php" -exec grep -H 'header(*Location:' "{}" \; >> /tmp/scan.txt
less /tmp/scan.txt
</code>
== Mail Spool Maintenance ==

Remove mail files of certain size (mailboxes that have spam and are not checked by users)
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash

x=''

for x in $( ls /var/spool/mail ); do
  if [ $( stat -c %s /var/spool/mail/$x ) -gt 10000000 ]; then
    echo $x >> names.log
    # rm $x
  fi
done
</code>

== Commonly Used ''sed'' Commands ==


=== Deleting Tabs with ''sed'' ===

To delete the rest of a line after the tab in command ''du'' (disk used), try one of the following commands:

Delete characters from the begining of line until the tab:
  $ du | sed "s/^.*\t//"
Delete tabe from the end of the line:
  $ du | sed "s/\t.*$//"

^Notation^^
|  ''^''  | for beginning. |
|  ''$''  | for end. |
|  ''.''  | for one character. |
|  ''*''  | for 0 or more repetitions. |
|  ''\t'' | for tab. |
== Backup Critical Data and Configuration ==

==== Backup Web Systems ====
Create a daily cron task to backup some important files to a directory (for example: ''/data/backup'').  This script should be created as ''/etc/cron.daily/backup.sh'':
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash
## script: /etc/cron.daily/backup.sh
##

#-----------------------------
# Define Target Directory
#-----------------------------
TARGETDIR="/data/backup/$HOSTNAME"

# Try to create TargetDir if it does not exist
if ! cd $TARGETDIR; then
  mkdir $TARGETDIR
fi

# Perform operations if TargetDir exists
if cd $TARGETDIR; then

 #-----------------------------
  # Remove old backup file
  #-----------------------------
  #rm -rf $TARGETDIR/*

  #-----------------------------
  ## Backup
  #-----------------------------
  # Backup mail spool
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/mail-backup.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/mail-backup.tar.gz /var/spool/mail

  # Backup user directories
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/homes-backup.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/homes-backup.tar.gz /home

  # Backup root user directories
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/root-backup.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/root-backup.tar.gz /root

  # Backup system settings, ie. /etc directory
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/etc-backup.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/etc-dir.tar.gz /etc

  # Backup MYSQL databases
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/mysql-data-backup.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/mysql-data-backup.tar.gz /var/lib/mysql
  # Hot backup with mysqldump command: 
  # mysqldump -u<username> -p<password> <database name> > <outputfile.sql>
  # Restore with:
  # mysql -u <username> -p<password> <database name> < <inputfile.sql>
  mysqldump -uroot -pMyPass website_db > $TARGETDIR/website_db.sql
  tar -czf $TARGETDIR/website_db.tar.gz $TARGETDIR/website_db.sql

  # Backup SAMBA config files (when using tdbsam)
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/samba-data-backup.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/samba-data-backup.tar.gz /var/lib/samba

  # Backup website
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/websitebackup.tar.gz
  #tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/websitebackup.tar.gz /var/www
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/websitebackup.tar.gz /var/www --exclude "/var/www/downloads" --exclude "/var/www/es/downloads"
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/downloads-backup.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/downloads-backup.tar.gz /var/www/downloads
  # Backup database as SQL

  # Backup projects
  rm -f $TARGETDIR/projrepos.tar.gz
  tar -czvf $TARGETDIR/projrepos.tar.gz /data/repos

  #-----------------------------
  # Send Reminder
  #-----------------------------
  ## send reminder to sysadmin to pull the tarball from the server.
  mail root@localhost -s "Get the backup tarball off the server"
  
else

  ## send message to sysadmin.
  mail root@localhost -s "Backup failed. %TARGETDIR does not exist"  

fi
</code>

==== Backup Subversion Repositories ====
Including Subversion repositories:
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash

#-----------------------------
# Define Repository Directory
#-----------------------------
REPOSDIR="/data/repos/myproj"
TARGETDIR="/data/backup/$HOSTNAME"


#---------------------------------------------------------
# Remove old Subversion dump file
#---------------------------------------------------------
rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-myproj.svn_dump

#---------------------------------------------------------
# Step 1: Backup your old Repository
#---------------------------------------------------------
#
# The first thing you need when moving from one server to another
# is a dump of your subversion repository. Hopefully you are already
# creating dump's with a backup script, but if not here's how you can
# create a subversion dump file:
#
# svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-myproj.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-clarujust.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-clarujust.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-ezarkd7.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-ezarkd7.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit4.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit4.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit4.localization.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit4.localization.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit5.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit5.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit-autorun.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-ezfit-autorun.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-ezhit.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-ezhit.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-eznzd7.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-eznzd7.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-gennum.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-gennum.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-installation.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-installation.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-mycomponents.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-mycomponents.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-nal.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-nal.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-prninvoice.svn_dump
svnadmin dump $REPOSDIR > $TARGETDIR/repo-prninvoice.svn_dump

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-projskel.tar.gz
tar czf $TARGETDIR/repo-projskel.tar.gz $REPOSDIR/projskel

rm -f $TARGETDIR/repo-conf.tar.gz
tar czf $TARGETDIR/repo-conf.tar.gz $REPOSDIR/conf

# The dump file contains all the revisions you have ever made
# to your svn repository, so it will probably be quite large
# (it even includes files you may have deleted in a previous revision).
#
#---------------------------------------------------------
# Step 2: Create the new Repository
#---------------------------------------------------------
#
# Now, simply transfer the dump file on to your new subversion server,
# and create an empty repository:
#
# svnadmin create /path/to/repository
# svnadmin create $REPOSDIR
#
#---------------------------------------------------------
# Step 3: Import your old repository into the new one
#---------------------------------------------------------
#
# Next import your dump file:
#
# svnadmin load /path/to/repository < repo_name.svn_dump
# svnadmin load $REPOSDIR < $TARGETDIR/repo-myproj.svn_dump

## send reminder to sysadmin to pull the tarball from the server.
#mail ttran -s "Get the backup tarball off the server"

</code>

==== Backup Databases ====
Create a scrip ''backup-db.sh'' to backup databases:
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash
## script: backup-db.sh
##

# backup last 7 days
#export d=`date +%u`
# backup using date
export d=$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')

mkdir -p backup/$d
#for i in `echo "show tables" | mysql -u username -ppassword database|grep -v Tables_in_`;
for i in `echo "show tables" | mysql -u root -p database|grep -v Tables_in_`;
do
  echo $i; mysqldump --add-drop-table --allow-keywords -q -a -c -u username -ppassword database $i > backup/$d/$i.sql
  rm -f backup/$d/$i.sql.gz
  gzip backup/$d/$i.sql
done
</code>

==== Backup to Window Server ====
If you need to backup data to a remote Windows server (running Samba), use this script '''backup-to-winserver.sh'':
<code bash>
#!/bin/bash
## script: /etc/cron.daily/backuptowinsvr
##

###!!!! THIS SCRIPT IS DISABLED
###!!!! COMMENT OUT THIS NEXT LINE TO ENABLE
#exit 99

#-----------------------------
# Define Target Directory
#-----------------------------
SOURCEDIR="/data/backup/$HOSTNAME"
TARGETDIR="/data/win-fileserver"

# Verify if source is available, otherwise we bail out
if [ ! -d "$SOURCEDIR" ]; then
  echo " Nothing to backup on $(date). Source directory $SOURCEDIR does not exist." >> /var/log/backup.log
  echo " Nothing to backup on $(date)."
  echo " Source directory $SOURCEDIR does not exist."
  echo " Exiting."
  exit;
fi

# Try to create and mount TargetDir if it does not exist
if [ ! -d "$TARGETDIR" ]; then
  mkdir $TARGETDIR
fi

# Perform operations if TargetDir exists
if [ -d "$TARGETDIR" ]; then
  #------------------------------------------
  # Mount Windows server samba drive (CIFS)
  #------------------------------------------
  # Requires cifs-utils to be installed for mount to work.
  mount -t cifs -o username=backuponly,password=backup //backupserver2/LinuxBackup $TARGETDIR

  #-----------------------------
  # Remove old backup files
  #-----------------------------
  rm -rf $TARGETDIR/$HOSTNAME/*

  #-----------------------------
  # Backup
  #-----------------------------
  # Backup ALL files
  #cp -R $SOURCEDIR $TARGETDIR

  # Backup all files EXCEPT 'downloads*' files
  # Method 1: cp *?[!excludepattern] $SOURCEDIR $TARGETDIR
  # Method 2: cp `ls $SOURCEDIR |grep -v <yourexcludepattern>` $TARGETDIR
  cd $SOURCEDIR
  cp `ls $SOURCEDIR | grep -v downloads` $TARGETDIR/$HOSTNAME

  #-----------------------------
  # Send Reminder
  #-----------------------------
  ## send reminder to sysadmin to pull the tarball from the server.
  echo "Backup to Windows Backup Server Complete"
  echo "Nightly Backup to Windows Backup Server Completed: $(date)" >> /var/log/backup.log
  echo "Source: $SOURCEDIR" >> /var/log/backup.log
  echo "Target: $TARGETDIR" >> /var/log/backup.log
  #mail root@localhost -s "Get the backup tarball off the server"

else

  ## send message to sysadmin.
  echo "Backup to Windows Backup Server failed on $(date). %TARGETDIR does not exist" >> /var/log/backup.log
  echo "Backup to Windows Backup Server failed on $(date). %TARGETDIR does not exist"
  #mail root@localhost -s "Backup failed. %TARGETDIR does not exist"

fi

</code>